WAVE OVERTOPPING REDUCTION BY MODULAR CONCRETE ARMOUR UNITS

This paper describes a new armour unit called XP-Overtop which is applied together with XblocPlus units in modular layer order to reduce wave overtopping. placed close the crest of structure. Physical model tests have been performed study hydraulic stability and overtopping reduction as function relative freeboard. Based on performed, following conclusions can be drawn: 1) XPOvertop generates substantial increases increasing freeboard; 2) because limited effectiveness for low freeboard, it not recommended apply structures freeboard below Rc/Hm0=1; 3) roughness factor γf structure varies between γf=0.42 γf=0.41; 4) enables designer level structure; 5) this translates significant reductions construction materials, costs CO2 emissions.